Engine



ENGINE Filed June '7, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 jaw/fur??? Feb. 24. 1925.

M. M. DUDAS ENGINE Filed June '7, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb." 24; "19.25.

- M. Ma DUDA$ I ENGINE Filed June 7, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented F b.24; 192s v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL M. DUIDAS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Applicatio'n 111m .Tune 7,

improvements in engines, and its main ob-.

ject is to provide means to eliminate the customary side draft andsidefriction of the piston during its travel in the engine cylinder. 1

Tn the engines generally in use, only one piston rod or connecting rodis provided in each cylinder for connecting the piston to its associatedcrank shaft and as the crank shaft with the attached end of the pistonrod is swung from side to side of the crank case during operation, aconsequent side to side thrust and draft are produced on thepistonduring its travel in the cylinder. This side thrust and draftcreates vibration and causes considerable friction and wear atdiametrical opposite parts of the piston and the parts of the cylinderengaged thereby, which-results in considerable loss of power. And as aconsequence of said side draft and wear, spaces are soon formed betweenthe piston and the cylinder at diametrical opposite parts of each,thereby creating suction and drawing lubricating oil from the crank easeup into the cylinder and permitting it to move above the piston. It ismy object to entirely avoid the above mentioned and other defects by myimproved construction, and I preferably do this by' the use of aplurality of similar connecting rods connecting each piston with a likeplurality of crank shafts in balanced relation.

A further object is to improve the valve operating means by the use ofcams on the cam shaft for pulling down valve rods which directly engagevalve stems for opening the valves in the heads of the cylinders.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the combinations and arrangements of partshereinafter described and claimed.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawin s forming a part of this specification and in which,

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section on line l--l of 2 1923. Serial No.643,909.

Fig. 2 is a lateral vertical section on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line 3.3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section on line 4-4 of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line 55 of Fig. l.

The form of my invention illustrated .comprises a crank case 8 and oneor more cylinders 9 removably mounted on the upper end 8 of said case,as by the use of lower flanges 9 and bolts 10, or in any approvedmanner, said cylinders preferably having open connection with said crankcase. A piston 11 reciprocates in said cylinder and has a short pistonrod 12 pivotally connected thereto, as by the use of a pin 13, held inposition by a lock screw 14. Said piston rod is preferably correctlycentered by a cross bar formed in the upper Wall of the crank case andproviding a half collar 15, and a co-operating half collar 16 which isfastened thereto with bolts 17 or the like.

The particular means for eliminating all side draft or side thrust ofthe piston in" the cylinder comprises a plurality of similar connectingrods 18 pivotally connected with their upper ends to the lower end 12 ofthe piston rod 12, as with pins 19, below the collar members 14 and 16.These connecting rods are arranged at properly spaced points around saidend 12 of the piston rod and extend at an equal slant from said pistonrod so as completely counterbalance the lateral thrust of each other andentirely eliminate any resulting lateral drafts upon the piston rod orthrough it upon the piston, as does occur with the use of a singlepiston rod which has its lower end swinging laterally to and fro withthe crank of the crank shaft during operation. These connecting rods arepreferably connected in pairs on each piston rod, as shown in thedrawings, but may be used in various numbers and may be arranged invarious manners, as long as they provide balanced power transmittingmeans which is free from side thrust upon the piston.

The crank case 8 is constructed in accordance, with the number ofconnecting rods used, and in the form illustrated has its side wallsslanting outward and contains a pair of curved lower portions 20 tomount a pair of crank shafts 21 journalled in bearings 22 in the ends ofsaid portions 20.

Crank .portions 21' of crank shafts 21 are journalled in bearings 18mounted at the lower ends of the connecting rods 18, preferably by theuse of interposed removable shims 18 of suitable thickness, with whichsaid rods. can be accurately adjusted for length; and said shafts .21are provided with intermeshing gears 23 of equal size to force saidcrank shafts and connecting rods to operate in unison. And sincethe-connect-.

ing rods 18 slant outwardly toward their lower ends there will be aresulting outward thrust at said lower ends aswell as a her 8' of thecrank case. A spring 28 is' .direction indicated by the arrows.

Valves 24 are mounted in suitable valve seats at the inner face of eachcylinder head and areprovided with stems 25 which protrude through thevalve head and through guide bars 26 extending downalong the outside ofthe cylinder and mounted with flanges 26' and suitable bolts 27 on thetop of memmounted on each valve stem and seated on the guide bar 26 toautomatically close the valve.

My means for openin bars 26 and collars 31 on the top of the case 8,said valve rods having laterally bent ends 30 engaging the tops of thevalve stems to press the valves. open. The lower end of each valve rodis provided with a stirru 32.

having a flattened lower part 32 whic is engaged by a cam finger 33 on acam shaft 34 passing through said stirrup, the cam thus pulls the valverod down instead of pushing it up as in the usual forms, and directlyengages the valve stgm and pulls it down to open the valve, thus byusing ten sion instead of compression upon the .rod the use of a valverod of smaller cross section is ermitted than in the ordinar The va verods-are also provided with turnbuckles 35 or the like to adjust themfor length, and with springs 36 seated on collars 31 to retain said rodsin raised position. A gear wheel 37 .is fastened on the cam shaft 34 andmeshes with a smaller gear pinion 38 fastened on the crank shaft todrive the camshaft and crank shaft at proportionate speeds, or saidshafts may be connected and driven inan approved manner to operate thecams an valves at the proper times.

the valves comprises valve, rods 30 whic extend down the sides of eachcylinder and through the guide form.

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, a cylinder and a crank case mounted on one endthereof, a piston in said cylinder and provided with a piston rodextending beneath said piston, guide means stationary in said crankcasefor centering said rod, a plurality of crank shafts mounted in saidcrank case, and a plurality of members pivoted oppositely at one end ofsaid rod and diverging atequal angles therefrom to said crank shafts,said members being rovided with replaceable means for varying theireffective length.

2. In combination a cylinder provided with a piston having arodextending beneath said piston, a crank case connected with saidcylinder, a guide means for centering said rod, a pair of parallel crankshafts mounted in said case and provided with a' pair of equal sizedintermeshing gears, and a pair of similar connecting rods pivoted tosaid piston rod and to said crank shafts and being provided withreplaceable means for varylng their effective lengths.

3. In combination with a cylinder, a piston with a piston rodtherein, acrank case connected to said cylinder, a plurality of crank shaftsmounted therein, a plurality of connecting rods pivotally connected tosaid piston rod, and a plurality of bearing means mounted on the free'ends of said connecting rods for embracing the crank shaft, one of 'saidbearing means being mounted with interposed exchangeable means on theend of one of said connecting rods for adjusting the effective length ofsaid rod.

' 4. In combination, a cylinder and a crank case removably mounted onone end thereof, a piston with a rod mounted in said cylinder,detachable collar means mounted on said crank case adjacent saidcylinder for centering said rod, a pair of crank shafts in said case, apair of oppositely inclined connecting rods pivoted to said piston rodbeneath said means and to said crank shafts, said rods being providedwith flanged means and replaceable shims for varying the effec: tivelengths of said rods, and means connecting said crank shafts to makethem run at equal speed.

5. In combination, a cylinder and a crank case removably mounted on oneend thereof, a piston in said cylinder, a rod having its upper end insaid piston and its lower end extending beneath said piston and saidcylinder, a collar for guiding and centering said rod and having aportion formed on said crank case and a portion removably attachedthereto, a pair of crank shafts in said case, a pair ofoppositelyinclined connecting rods pivoted to said piston rod beneath ,said collarand to said crank shafts,' said rods being each provided with a pair offlanged means and replaceable shims for varying the efiective lengths ofsaid rods and with hearings for journalling said crank, shafts, andinter-meshing gears for connecting said crankshafts to make them run Wunison.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

MICHAEL M. DAS. Witnesses:

JOSHUA R. H. Poms, FREDA C. Arrnnmn,

